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“交房即交证”应成为商品房交易标准模式******

　　“交房即交证”是民生实事也是民心所望。相关部门有必要在总结地方经验的基础上，针对“交房即交证”找准政策和法律依据，拿出国家层面的制度设计，作出统一的部署和要求，明确相关的职责分工、流程和保障性措施，让“交房即交证”成为不动产登记“规定动作”，成为商品房交易标准模式。

　　-李英锋

　　从1月1日起，河南省所有城镇规划范围内新取得国有建设用地使用权的预售商品房项目全面实施“交房即交证”，以切实解决群众关切的不动产权证“办证难”问题，优化营商环境，提升群众的获得感和满意度。(据1月1日《河南日报》)

　　一张不动产登记证，关联着千家万户的切身利益，关联着房地产企业的服务质量，关联着多个政府部门的协同监管效能。河南省针对全省城镇规划范围内新取得国有建设用地使用权的预售商品房项目全面实施“交房即交证”，是对“放管服”改革的深入落实和优化政务服务环境的生动实践，既给大众带来了看得见摸得着的便利和实惠，也能促进房地产市场的规范健康发展。

　　普通商品交易通常奉行“一手交钱，一手交货”的原则，买受人支付了约定价款，出卖人把交易标的物转移给买受人，买受人即拥有了交易标的物的所有权。而房地产、车辆等特殊商品须执行登记转移的法定规则，买受人取得相关部门的产权登记证后才能获得特殊商品的所有权，如果买受人未取得产权登记证，哪怕是已经支付了足额价款并占有了特殊商品，也依然没有获得特殊商品的所有权。买受人在这样的状态下可以占有、使用特殊商品，甚至可以获得一些收益(比如出租房屋等)，但买受人或其利益关联人在落户、子女上学、二次交易、贷款抵押、继承等环节也可能受到诸多困扰，遭遇种种障碍。

　　揆诸现实，交房交证不同步的现象在不少地方存在，不少购房者面临着或曾遭遇过“办证慢，办证难”的困境，短则两三年、长则十余年的办证时间消磨掉了购房者的耐心，也让购房者的权益打了折扣。

　　显然，交房交证不同步已成为购房的堵点、痛点，也成了规范优化新建商品房交易模式和不动产登记改革的关键点。河南省在试点工作的基础上，由多部门出台“交房即交证”实施意见，提出了“商品房购房合同中增加相关条款约束”的工作措施，对房地产开发企业进行约束，为“交房即交证”提供了依据，并明确了各阶段、各相关部门的工作职责，畅通了信息共享渠道，对不动产登记的系统、流程进行了再造，对不动产登记服务进行了优化，为“交房即交证”的全面落地捋顺了关系、创造了条件、提供了机制保障。

　　“交房即交证”模式本质上是以大众需求为导向，对不动产登记责任的再梳理、再认领、再定位、再强化。规划、住建等部门搭建起一个分工明确、协同发力的登记服务机制，在机制内部，让信息多跑路、让责任多跑路，机制提升了效率、压缩了时限、承担了更大的压力、付出了更多努力，消化了更多问题，大众办证自然就更快、更容易，也就自然少跑路、少等待。

　　“交房即交证”模式能够实现监管前移，倒逼房地产企业依法开发、诚信经营，也给购房者吃下了定心丸，有助于提升购房者的信心。在当前“保交楼”的大背景下，“交房即交证”模式对房地产市场的平稳健康发展乃至回暖具有促进意义。

　　利民之事，丝发必兴；厉民之事，毫末必去。“交房即交证”是民生实事也是民心所望。近年来，已有多地陆续推行“交房即交证”模式，取得了非常好的效果，积累了不少有益经验，赢得了社会的广泛好评。在全国范围内普遍铺开“交房即交证”模式的时机已经成熟，相关部门有必要在总结地方经验的基础上，针对“交房即交证”找准政策和法律依据，拿出国家层面的制度设计，作出统一的部署和要求，明确相关的职责分工、流程和保障性措施，让“交房即交证”成为不动产登记“规定动作”，成为新建商品房交易标准模式。

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.